DIAGNOSING PROSTATE PROBLEMS: THE EXAMINATION

Before going for your checkup, it is helpful to the physician if you jot down information relevant to your health. Many doctors agree that a well-taken history can be as important as the examination. Former laboratory results should be gathered as well as any other medical records that you have compiled over the years.

You should share intimate details with your doctor pertaining to family matters. Problems at home or at the workplace can have a definite impact on your overall health. Ideally, the doctor will be a good listener and treat you, the patient, rather than the disease.

Urine Testing

As part of the examination, a urine sample will be taken. Urinalysis can tell the doctor a great deal about you, and it is helpful in detecting mild inflammations as well as serious tumors. It can alert the doctor to look further for what may be a serious disorder. If infection in the urinary tract is to be properly diagnosed, a culture of the urine is necessary. It is an important tool to also detect disorders of the kidney, bladder, and liver, including malignant cells in these vital organs.

Intravenous Prelogram (IVP)

For this form of X-ray, a dye is injected into the forearm of the patient. The dye is filtered out of the blood by the kidneys, at which point the X-ray can provide considerable information about the bladder, the kidneys, and the entire urinary tract. Kidney stones, obstruction by scars, or cancer may be detected. It can also point out whether the cancer has spread. The exam takes about an hour and can be done in the doctor's office.

Cystoscopy

Cystoscopy is a very brief procedure used when blood is observed in the urine or to detect bladder cancers. It involves the use of a hollow instrument that looks like a skinny periscope, or, in many cases, a flexible tube containing two very thin tubes. The first tube is used to insert fluid into the area being observed. The second tube contains a light and lenses so that the physician is able to see into the bladder and urethra, with great accuracy. The instrument is inserted into the urethral opening at the end of the penis and slowly advanced into the bladder. Most urologists will only use cystoscopy if they have reason to suspect a bladder tumor stone or other irregular condition; it is not used routinely to detect prostate problems. The procedure is not very painful and can be performed in a doctor's office.

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